Species Nanoarchaeum equitans - Hierarchy - The Taxonomicon.
Background. The crenarchaeaote Ignicoccus hospitalis is a specific host for Nanoarchaeum equitans in a relationship that is thus far unique, involving two archaeal species (1-3). Ignicoccus species have a chemoautotrophic metabolism that couples CO 2 fixation with sulfur respiration using molecular hydrogen in high temperature hydrothermal vent systems and thus might resemble organisms that.
The “Nanoarchaeota” are a novel archaeal phylum, forming a unique, deep branch in the 16S rRNA based phylogenetic tree of life. “Nanoarchaeum equitans”, the first cultivated representative, is a hyperthermophilic, anaerobic nano-sized coccus with a genome size of about 490 kb.Growth occurs only in coculture with a new chemolithoautotrophic Ignicoccus species.
Archaebacteria are primitive, single-celled microorganisms that are prokaryotes with no cell nucleus.Each archaea has the ability to live in very severe environments. Archaebacteria are one of the six kingdoms of life: plants, animals, protists, fungi, eubacteria and archaebacteria. Crenarchaeota Examples.
Nanoarchaeum equitans is a species of marine Archaea that was discovered in 2002 in a hydrothermal vent off the coast of Iceland on the Kolbeinsey Ridge by Karl Stetter. Strains of this microbe were also found on the Sub-polar Mid Oceanic Ridge and in the Obsidian Pool in Yellowstone National Park.
For example, the peculiar species Nanoarchaeum equitans, which was discovered in 2003, has been given its own phylum, the Nanoarchaeota. A new phylum Korarchaeota has also been proposed. It contains a small group of unusual thermophilic species that shares features of both of the main phyla, but is most closely related to the Crenarchaeota.
The rooted tree, which was used to simulate clock-like behavior, revealed the early divergence of Nanoarchaeum equitans and then Archaea (81). This rooting is based on unique and ancestral genomic traits of Nanoarchaeum equitans, split genes separately codifying for the 5' and 3' halves of tRNA and the absence of operons, which are considered molecular fossils (132).
DPANN is an acronym formed by the initials of the first five groups discovered, Diapherotrites, Parvarchaeota, Aenigmarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota and Nanohaloarchaeota.Later Woesearchaeota and Pacearchaeota were discovered and proposed within the DPANN superphylum. In 2017, another phylum Altiarchaeota was placed into this superphylum.